Land Rover was a title of one of a number 1 British civilian completely-terrain utility vehicles, 1st by Rover in 1948. Finally, a Land Rover section was split dispatch from either Rover, & produced an expanding range of four wheel drive vehicles under a succession of owners, including British Leyland, British Aerospace, BMW, and, from either 2000, Ford in the Premier Automotive Group. Land Rovers come made around Solihull, England (near Birmingham) and exported as much as the world.

History
A number 1 Land Rover was designed within 1947, in Wales in the United Kingdom, by Maurice Wilkes as a farm vehicle that can be utilized for all about from either ploughing fields to camping within town, according to Willys Jeeps he had seen around action around World War II and in apply extensively in farms fallowing a war. A number one Land Rover 'centre steer' was built almost completely from either Willy's Landrover components. The distinctive feature has been their bodies, constructed of the lightweight rustproofed proprietary alloy of aluminium and magnesium called Birmabright This material was used owing to post war steel shortages & the plentiful supply of post-war aircraft aluminum. This metallic's trend lines to corrosion was one of the factors that allowed a vehicle to build higher a repuatation for longevity in the toughest conditions. A early guide of colour was dictated by army extra the diapers of paint, therefore early vehicles single come around various shades of green; a lot system until recently feature inflexible pack segment ladder-frame chassis. Currently the Freelander & a Range Rover utilise a extra common monocoque body construction.

A early vehicles, like a Series One, were designed to exist as field-serviced; advertizement for Rovers stand bragged astir vehicles caused hundreds to thousands of miles in banana oil. Currently by having additional complex service requirements this is less of an stock. A British Army maintains a utilize of the 300TDi engined versions like than the TD5 to locate a select few service simplicity. This engine likewise continued withinside apply in a bit of exportation markets.

L& Rovers, particularly a commercial message & military system, became omnipresent throughout rural areas and in the underdeveloped Globe. A Land Rover featured in the South African moving-picture show The Gods Must Be Crazy illustrates a love-hate relationship numerous owners sense sustaining the earliest Series One, Two & Three vehicles.

Land Rovers stand competed in the Paris Dakar Rally as well as existence a vehicle utilized for the Camel Trophy as part of the sponsorship treat. A Land Rover Defender is as well utilized by military group throughout the world. In a UK armed forces, the super expensive Pinzgauer, now built inside a UK, is progressively park in roles antecedently the preserve of the L& Rover Defender like ambulances, artillery tractor and weapons platform sustaining 188 Pinzgauers in service & 15000 Land Rovers.

Since a Seventies inside virtually all remote areas of Africa, South United states, Asia & in a Australian Outback the Toyota Land Cruiser hwhen overtaken a L& Rover as the utility 4x4 of selection, probably because of the inexpensive acquire costs and better area network offered by Japanese challenger.

Inside Britain, a L& Rover fell from either favour by using a agricultural community using a arrival of less expensive Japanese optiin, using Diahatsu Fourtracks and Isuzu Troopers becoming a most common sight on farms about the united states, until rust one of these days ended their working exists. Nonetheless, by owning subtle improvements to the Defender in the early 1990's, & by having a introduction of better additional dependable engines in a form of a TDi (especially the 300TDi) & the newly 5-cylinder TD5, virtually all farms again have a Land Rover Defender in their front yard.

1986 Land Rover Defender 90

Company timeline
1948 L& Rover is designed per Wilkes Brothers and is made per Rover Company 1967 Rover becomes a share of Leyland Motors Ltd, late British Leyland 1970 Introduction of the Range Rover 1975 BL collapses & is nationalised, publication of the Ryder Report recommends that L& Rover exist as split from either Rover and become treated as a separate company inside BL 1980 Rover car production ceases at Solihull, which is nowadays alone for Land Rover manufacture. Five-door Range Rover introduced. 1986 BL, at present called a Rover Class action, is privatised & becomes a portion of British Aerospace 1987 Range Rover is introduced to the U.S market 1989 Introduction of the Discovery (Disco I to enthusiasts) 1994 Racross Class action is taken over by BMW. Introduction of 2nd-generation Range Rover. 1998 Introduction of the Freelander 1999 (Midyear) Introduction of the 2nd generation of Discovery (Disco II) 2000 BMW breaks higher a Rover Class action & sells Land Rover to Ford. 2002 Introduction of third-generation Range Rover 2005 Introduction of the third-generation Discovery/LR3 2005 Adoption of the Jaguar AJ-V8 engine to replace a BMW M62 V8 in the Range Rover

Models
Series I, II and III - the original off-roader Defender - Updated Series line, with the move from either extreme utilitarianism. Freelander - compact crossover SUV Discovery/LR3 - mid-size off-roader Range Rover - full-size luxury off-roader Range Rover Sport - full-size luxury crossover SUV

There keep around besides been system developed for the British Army 101 Forward Control - also referred to as a "Land Rover One Ton" 1/2 ton Lightweight - airportable shortwheelbase from a series 2

At a 2004 North American International Auto Show, Land Rover introduced its first concept, the Range Stormer (Gritzinger, 2004).

A armoured law vehicle, a Shorland was not the Land Rover produced model however was built from either Land Rover area by Shorts of Belfast.

Abilities
A have of L& Rovers per UK & Commonwealth armed services besides when in hanker term civilian projects and expeditions is chiefly due to the superior off-road performance of the marque. For instance, the short wheelbase version of the L& Racross Defender is capable of tackling the gradient of 45 degrees, an approach angle of as much as Fifty degrees, the departure angle of 53 degrees and a ramp break-over of as much as 155 degrees - greatly superior non upright to urban SUVs but to military machine vehicles like a HMMWV and Pinzgauer.

Safety
Road accident statistics on a model-by-model basis from a UK Department of Transportation indicate that the Land Rover Defender and Land Rover Discovery are a safest cars on the UK roads (measured around terms of risk of demise within an accident) - between threefold safer than the safest Volvo models, twice as safe (half a demise-mortality rate by a accident) likened using the Jeep Cherokee and Toyota Land Cruiser and only matched by the Mercedes-Benz S-Class and Jaguar XJ.

Quality problems
Recently a Land Rover marque hwhen built a somewhat veto reputation for unfortunate dependableness & build quality problems & this is reflected around its showing within various industry quality & reliability related studies, as elaborate following.

US J.D. Power and Associates Vehicle Dependability Survey for 2003 published 8th July 2003 places the Land Rover marque second-to-last.(Kia last) This study was based on responses from more than 55,000 US based original owners of 2000 model year cars and light trucks at three years of ownership. [http://www.jdpa.com/pdf/2003050.pdf] Around 2004, it narrowly dethroned Kia, as a least dependable nameplate, however swapped pages around 2005. ( Kia go, Land Rover 2nd last) Land Rover Discovery 6th-from either-a-bottom of One c system for dependability within an Auto Express (UK) 2002 survey. Joint 16th-from either-a-bottom within Gross car 2002 J.D. Power's What Car? (UK) magazine client satisfaction survey. Land Rover got joint greatest norm prices around warrantee claims for cars as much as 10 years old around 2002 UK Warranty Direct stock – (according to good-maintenance leasing claims). Land Rover Discovery was joint 2nd-to-survive within 2002 Which? (UK) magazine reliability survey of cars as much as Two years old – still, merely 35 Land Rovers were in the sample. Land Rover was Third least-reliable of 31 makes of car around 2002 Which? (UK) magazine reliableness survey of 2000-2002 model-season cars. Least-reliable of 32 makes built 1997-1999. Spate of engine power, gearbox and exploding clutch problems (which Land Rover reportedly has refused to repair under warranty) 89% of Land Rovers were reported breakdown-absolutely free! around 2003 Which? (UK) magazine J.D. Power's survey.

Beginning by having the Discovery Series III (LR3 in a United states) model, one of the replacement power plants for the fresh model is a Quartet.Ii L V8 engine developed by Jaguar (Jaguar is also a portion of the Ford Class action).

A select few of the service problems around America specification L& Rover Defender and Discovery system come related to the Rover V8 petrol engine, as L& Rover increased a displacement and otherwise modernized a engine, which was designed in the late 1950s by General Motors for Buick. a equivalent engine has powered a kind of more British cars, including the Rover 3500 & Triumph TR8.

Virtually all European, South African and Australian specification Defenders and Discovery system come currently equipped sustaining a TD5 diesel engine and reliableness hwhen however proven the condition as elaborate in the researchers above.

By using Land Rover's area-sharing scheme typically cited when a are causal agents for of numerous malfunctions, it today appears that Ford is attempting to legitimately location a Land Rover quality issues. It was reported in the Birmingham Post on 27th May 2004 that Ford's senior management have given the Land Rover plant Eighter from decatur weeks to are higher by using the "road map" to location a quality issues at L& Rover and bring its fight as much as spherical standards inside Five years. Land Rover's CEO described this as "crunch time" for Land Rover.

Despite a recent drop by quality, these come rumored that 75% of 100% Land Rovers produced since 1955 are however on tour. This figure can be misleading, referable the wider range of vehicles & very much higher production of recent years. A longevity of single vehicles will besides tend to hide any improvements inside production quality when assembly faults, another time fixed, can stay fixed. so could sole interest the foremost emptor.